What lifestyle factor should be avoided to reduce the risk of CVD?

To effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is essential to avoid smoking. Smoking is a significant lifestyle risk factor for CVD as it contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries. This buildup restricts blood flow and can lead to serious conditions like heart attacks and strokes. Smoking also has a detrimental effect on blood pressure and heart rate, and it introduces harmful substances into the cardiovascular system that can damage blood vessels and heart tissue.

On the other hand, regular exercise and a balanced diet are both protective factors that contribute positively to heart health. Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, reduces blood pressure, and improves overall cardiovascular function. Similarly, a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats can help lower cholesterol levels and prevent obesity, thereby reducing the risk of CVD. Low alcohol intake, when consumed in moderation, may also be part of a healthy lifestyle, but excessive consumption can lead to heart-related issues. Thus, avoiding smoking is crucial in the prevention of CVD.